This symposium assembles approximately 60 experts from different fields to discuss a new paradigmatic understanding of how Evolution learnt to learn, i.e., epigenetic marking, transgenerational inheritance, cell fate and identity, morphology, physiology, genetic instructions, neuroepigenetic reprogramming, memory/ learning, physical and mental disease, immunity, and the roles of persistent viruses and their co-opted and exapted defectives such as non-coding RNA networks and mobile genetic elements.