How cells accomplish faithful chromosome segregation and how missegregation impacts cell physiology remain areas of intense research. This EMBO Workshop covers a broad range of topics from the mechanistic basis of chromosome segregation to the clinical implications of aneuploidy. Several breakthrough discoveries have recently emerged at the interface between fields, linking chromosome segregation and aneuploidy to DNA repair and replication, innate immune response, senescence and more. To foster the scientific exchange between fields, this EMBO Workshop will bring together researchers from all over the world and from all areas that converge on this theme to discuss their latest unpublished work in an open and friendly atmosphere.