All international airports in Australia are used for international flights, as well as for local and charter flights.
Australia has a range of rail services connecting major cities and regional areas. The country’s rail network includes long-distance trains like The Ghan, which travels between Adelaide and Darwin, and the Indian Pacific, which runs from Sydney to Perth. City rail networks provide efficient transport within major cities such as Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, and Perth. Regional trains offer access to various towns and scenic areas across the country.
In cities like Sydney and Melbourne, you can also take ferry services that provide scenic views of the city’s landmarks and waterways.
The electricity is 230 V, 50 Hz. Visitors from Japan, the UK, the USA, and other countries should note that Australia uses type I plugs. Ensure you have the appropriate adapter for your devices.
The official currency in Australia is the Australian dollar (AUD). Major credit cards are accepted in establishments displaying the emblem at the entrance. Currency exchange booths are available at airports, railway stations, travel agencies, banks, and various city locations. Exchange rates may vary. Traveller’s cheques and convertible currency can be exchanged at these facilities. ATMs are widely available for cash withdrawals using credit or debit cards.
Conference organizers generally do not accept liability for personal accidents, loss of belongings, or damage to private property of participants and accompanying persons during the meeting. Participants are advised to arrange for their own health, travel, and property insurance before departure to the conference.
The international code for Australia is +61.
Australia spans multiple time zones. The eastern states (e.g., Sydney, Melbourne) are in the Australian Eastern Standard Time (AEST, GMT+10) zone, while the central states (e.g., Adelaide) are in the Australian Central Standard Time (ACST, GMT+9:30), and the western states (e.g., Perth) are in the Australian Western Standard Time (AWST, GMT+8). During daylight saving time, which typically runs from October to April, clocks are set forward by one hour in AEST and ACST regions.
Australia has a diverse climate due to its size. In the northern regions, the climate is tropical, with hot, humid summers and mild, dry winters. In the southern regions, the climate is temperate, with warm summers and cool, wet winters. The central areas have an arid climate with hot, dry conditions. Summer (December to February) is typically hot, with temperatures ranging from 20°C to 35°C (68°F to 95°F), while winter (June to August) is mild to cool, with temperatures ranging from 5°C to 20°C (41°F to 68°F) depending on the region. The weather can be highly variable, so it’s advisable to check the forecast before traveling.
For the latest weather updates, visit weather.com.
Visitors to Australia must obtain a visa before traveling. This includes most tourists, business travelers, and those visiting family or friends. The type of visa required will depend on the purpose and length of your stay. Visa applications can be made online through the Australian Government's Department of Home Affairs website. Ensure you apply well in advance of your travel date. Please indicate during registration if you need a personal invitation to attend the conference. A visa grants preliminary permission for entry but does not automatically authorize entry to the country. All travelers are also required to comply with Australian customs regulations and may be subject to health and security checks upon arrival.