How PETs address privacy threats needs a rethink. Protecting personal data is only a first step, and is insufficient in many cases to protect people from interference with their privacy. Furthermore, an independent evaluation framework is required to assess the level of privacy protection offered by deployed PETs solutions and to protect against privacy washing. However, most computer scientists are not well equipped to address social problems on their own. Thus, this Dagstuhl Seminar aims to bring together a group of computer science and legal scholars working on privacy and AI along with industry, policy experts, and regulators to explore the role of PETs and the challenge of private and accountable AI.